For the most recent version of the reference documentation, see our MongoDB Java Driver documentation site.
- MongoDB Driver
- Quick Start - POJOs
MongoDB Driver Quick Start - POJOs
Note
POJOs stands for Plain Old Java Objects.
The following code snippets come from the PojoQuickTour.java
example code
that can be found with the driver source on github.
Prerequisites
A running MongoDB on localhost using the default port for MongoDB
27017
MongoDB Driver. See Installation for instructions on how to install the MongoDB driver.
Quick Start. This guide follows on from the Quick Start.
The following import statements:
import com.mongodb.Block;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientURI;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.result.DeleteResult;
import com.mongodb.client.result.UpdateResult;
import org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistry;
import org.bson.codecs.pojo.PojoCodecProvider;
import java.util.List;
import static com.mongodb.client.model.Filters.*;
import static com.mongodb.client.model.Updates.*;
import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
import static org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistries.fromProviders;
import static org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistries.fromRegistries;
- The following POJO classes. The full source is available on github for the Person and Address POJOs. Here are the main implementation details:
public final class Person {
private ObjectId id;
private String name;
private int age;
private Address address;
public Person() {
}
public ObjectId getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(final ObjectId id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(final String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(final int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(final Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
// Rest of implementation
}
public final class Address {
private String street;
private String city;
private String zip;
public Address() {
}
public String getStreet() {
return street;
}
public void setStreet(final String street) {
this.street = street;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(final String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getZip() {
return zip;
}
public void setZip(final String zip) {
this.zip = zip;
}
// Rest of implementation
}
Creating a Custom CodecRegistry
Before you can use a POJO with the driver, you need to configure the CodecRegistry
to include a codecs
to handle the translation to and from bson
for your POJOs. The simplest way to do that is to use the
PojoCodecProvider.builder()
to create and configure a CodecProvider
.
The following example will combine the default codec registry, with the PojoCodecProvider
configured to automatically create POJO
Codec
s:
CodecRegistry pojoCodecRegistry = fromRegistries(MongoClientSettings.getDefaultCodecRegistry(),
fromProviders(PojoCodecProvider.builder().automatic(true).build()));
Using the CodecRegistry
There are multiple ways to set the pojoCodecRegistry
for use:
- You can set it when instantiating a MongoClient object:
MongoClientSettings settings = MongoClientSettings.builder()
.codecRegistry(pojoCodecRegistry)
.build();
MongoClient mongoClient = MongoClients.create(settings);
- You can use an alternative
CodecRegistry
with aMongoDatabase
:
database = database.withCodecRegistry(pojoCodecRegistry);
- You can use an alternative
CodecRegistry
with aMongoCollection
:
collection = collection.withCodecRegistry(pojoCodecRegistry);
Inserting a POJO into MongoDB
The codec registry will automatically try to create a POJO Codec
for unknown classes. This allows you to use POJOs out of the
box without any extra configuration. See the Bson POJO page for information on configuring POJO Codec
s.
Before you can insert a POJO into MongoDB, you need a MongoCollection
instance configured with the Pojo’s type:
MongoCollection<Person> collection = database.getCollection("people", Person.class);
Insert a Person
To insert a Person into the collection, you can use the collection’s insertOne()
method.
Person ada = new Person("Ada Byron", 20, new Address("St James Square", "London", "W1"));
collection.insertOne(ada);
Insert Many Persons
To add multiple Person instances, you can use the collection’s insertMany()
method
which takes a list of Person
.
The following example will add multiple Person instances into the collection:
List<Person> people = asList(
new Person("Charles Babbage", 45, new Address("5 Devonshire Street", "London", "W11")),
new Person("Alan Turing", 28, new Address("Bletchley Hall", "Bletchley Park", "MK12")),
new Person("Timothy Berners-Lee", 61, new Address("Colehill", "Wimborne", null))
);
collection.insertMany(people);
Query the Collection
To query the collection, you can use the collection’s find()
method.
The following example prints all the Person instances in the collection:
Block<Person> printBlock = new Block<Person>() {
@Override
public void apply(final Person person) {
System.out.println(person);
}
};
collection.find().forEach(printBlock);
The example uses the forEach
method on the FindIterable
object to apply a block to each Person and outputs the following:
Person{id='591dbc2550852fa685b3ad17', name='Ada Byron', age=20, address=Address{street='St James Square', city='London', zip='W1'}}
Person{id='591dbc2550852fa685b3ad18', name='Charles Babbage', age=45, address=Address{street='5 Devonshire Street', city='London', zip='W11'}}
Person{id='591dbc2550852fa685b3ad19', name='Alan Turing', age=28, address=Address{street='Bletchley Hall', city='Bletchley Park', zip='MK12'}}
Person{id='591dbc2550852fa685b3ad1a', name='Timothy Berners-Lee', age=61, address=Address{street='Colehill', city='Wimborne', zip='null'}}
Specify a Query Filter
To query for Person instance that match certain conditions, pass a filter object to the find()
method.
To facilitate creating filter objects, Java driver provides the Filters
helper.
important
When querying POJOs you must query against the document field name and not the Pojo’s property name. By default they are the same but it is possible to change how POJO property names are mapped.
Get A Single Person That Matches a Filter
For example, to find the first Person
in the database that lives in Wimborne
pass an eq
filter object to specify the equality condition:
somebody = collection.find(eq("address.city", "Wimborne")).first();
System.out.println(somebody);
The example prints one document:
Person{id='591dbc2550852fa685b3ad1a', name='Timothy Berners-Lee', age=61,
address=Address{street='Colehill', city='Wimborne', zip='null'}}
Get All Person Instances That Match a Filter
The following example returns and prints everyone where "age" > 30
:
collection.find(gt("age", 30)).forEach(printBlock);
Update Documents
To update documents in a collection, you can use the collection’s updateOne
and updateMany
methods.
Pass to the methods:
A filter object to determine the document or documents to update. To facilitate creating filter objects, Java driver provides the
Filters
helper. To specify an empty filter (i.e. match all Persons in a collection), use an emptyDocument
object.An update document that specifies the modifications. For a list of the available operators, see update operators.
The update methods return an UpdateResult
which provides information about the operation including the number of documents modified by the update.
Update a Single Person
To update at most a single Person
, use the updateOne
method.
The following example updates Ada Byron
setting their age to 23
and name to Ada Lovelace
:
collection.updateOne(eq("name", "Ada Byron"), combine(set("age", 23), set("name", "Ada Lovelace")));
Update Multiple Persons
To update all Persons that match a filter, use the updateMany
method.
The following example sets the zip field to null
for all documents that have a zip
value:
UpdateResult updateResult = collection.updateMany(not(eq("zip", null)), set("zip", null));
System.out.println(updateResult.getModifiedCount());
Replace a Single Person
An alternative method to change an existing Person
, would be to use the replaceOne
method.
The following example replaces the Ada Lovelace
back to the original document:
collection.replaceOne(eq("name", "Ada Lovelace"), ada);
Delete Documents
To delete documents from a collection, you can use the collection’s deleteOne
and deleteMany
methods.
Pass to the methods a filter object to determine the document or documents to delete. To facilitate creating filter objects, Java driver provides the Filters
helper. To specify an empty filter (i.e. match all documents in a collection), use an empty Document
object.
The delete methods return a DeleteResult
which provides information about the operation including the number of documents deleted.
Delete a Single Person That Matches a Filter
To delete at most a single Person
that matches a filter, use the deleteOne
method:
The following example deletes at most one Person
who lives in Wimborne
:
collection.deleteOne(eq("address.city", "Wimborne"));
Delete All Persons That Match a Filter
To delete multiple Persons matching a filter use the deleteMany
method.
The following example deletes all Persons that live in London
:
DeleteResult deleteResult = collection.deleteMany(eq("address.city", "London"));
System.out.println(deleteResult.getDeletedCount());
Additional Information
For additional information about the configuring the PojoCodecProvider
, see the Bson POJO page.
For additional tutorials about using MongoDB (such as to use the aggregation framework, specify write concern, etc.), see Java Driver Tutorials.